{"id":28219,"date":"2022-04-11T06:49:52","date_gmt":"2022-04-11T06:49:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agrimprove.com\/new-research-findings-mcfas-affect-on-rumen-stability-in-dairy-cows\/"},"modified":"2023-01-06T14:49:24","modified_gmt":"2023-01-06T14:49:24","slug":"new-research-findings-mcfas-affect-on-rumen-stability-in-dairy-cows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.agrimprove.com\/tr\/new-research-findings-mcfas-affect-on-rumen-stability-in-dairy-cows\/","title":{"rendered":"Yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma bulgular\u0131: MCFA’n\u0131n s\u00fct ineklerinde rumen stabilitesi \u00fczerindeki etkisi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bir ine\u011fin ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131, ayd\u0131nlatma, havaland\u0131rma ve yemler gibi say\u0131s\u0131z d\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fken vard\u0131r. \u00dcreticiler bunlar\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in ellerinden geleni yaparlar \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc istikrar\u0131n daha az stresli ve daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 inekler anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini bilirler. \u0130ne\u011fin i\u00e7inde de dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken say\u0131s\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken vard\u0131r. Bu de\u011fi\u015fkenler mikrobiyomun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck pH dalgalanmalar\u0131na ve patojenlere nas\u0131l tepki verdi\u011fini etkiler. \u0130stikrarl\u0131 bir ortam, besin maddelerinin uygun \u015fekilde par\u00e7alanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve emilimini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. \u00dcreticilerin bu i\u00e7 fakt\u00f6rleri kontrol etmesi zordur. Bu nedenle, yak\u0131n zamanda yay\u0131nlanan bir makalenin orta zincirli ya\u011f asitlerinin g\u00fcn boyunca daha az de\u011fi\u015fken rumen pH’\u0131n\u0131 destekledi\u011fini g\u00f6steren bulgusu, \u00fcreticilere ve s\u00fcr\u00fclerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antimikrobiyal \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle tek midelilerde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan orta zincirli ya\u011f asitlerinin (MCFA) ruminantlardaki rol\u00fc, s\u0131\u011f\u0131r \u00e7iftliklerinde uygulanmak \u00fczere ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n ke\u015fif a\u015famas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Domuz ve k\u00fcmes hayvan\u0131 end\u00fcstrilerine k\u0131yasla MCFA’n\u0131n entegre edilmesindeki bu gecikme, esas olarak rumenin gizeminden ve MCFA’ya nas\u0131l tepki verdi\u011finden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Mevcut bulgular, y\u00fcksek dozda MCFA’n\u0131n (DM’nin >%1’i) metan emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 olumlu y\u00f6nde azaltabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. Bununla birlikte, bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler muhtemelen mikrobiyotadaki y\u00fcksek bozulmadan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r ve bu da kuru madde al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na, NDF sindirilebilirli\u011finin d\u00fc\u015fmesine, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ruminal u\u00e7ucu ya\u011f asidi \u00fcretimine ve s\u00fct \u00fcretiminin d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, mevcut \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck doz MFCA’n\u0131n (DM’nin <%0,2’si) rumen sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve geli\u015fimi \u00fczerindeki rol\u00fcn\u00fc test etmektedir. K\u0131smen Agrimprove taraf\u0131ndan finanse edilen, Burdick ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131n zamanda yay\u0131nlanan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck doz MCFA’n\u0131n (DM’nin %0,063’\u00fc) orta laktasyondaki s\u00fct inekleri \u00fczerindeki etkisi ve bunun kuru madde al\u0131m\u0131, besin sindirilebilirli\u011fi, rumen fermantasyonu, rumen mikrobiyotas\u0131 ve besin kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisi test edilmi\u015f ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n bulgular\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck doz MFCA ile daha istikrarl\u0131 bir rumenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Rumendeki bu tutarl\u0131l\u0131k, di\u011fer d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck doz MCFA ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda g\u00f6zlemlenen geli\u015fmi\u015f ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile uyumludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

MCFA’n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi ile etkile\u015fimi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nceki MCFA ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131ndan elde edilen ilgin\u00e7 bir bulgu, polimorfon\u00fckleer n\u00f6trofilik l\u00f6kositler (PMNL veya n\u00f6trofiller) \u00fczerindeki olumlu rol\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir. Bu beyaz kan h\u00fccresi t\u00fcr\u00fc, herhangi bir memelide enflamasyon d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc tetiklendi\u011finde ilk tepki veren h\u00fccredir. Patojenlerle m\u00fccadele etmek ve hasarl\u0131 h\u00fccreleri temizlemek i\u00e7in enfeksiyon b\u00f6lgesine (\u00f6rne\u011fin mastitise neden olan bakterilere maruz kalan bir meme) \u00e7ok say\u0131da ak\u0131n ederler. PMNL zay\u0131f oldu\u011funda, kolayca hasar g\u00f6r\u00fcr ve fagositozdan (patojenlerin ve hasarl\u0131 h\u00fccrelerin sar\u0131lmas\u0131\/t\u00fcketilmesi) sonra \u00f6l\u00fcr ve v\u00fccudun kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 enfeksiyon b\u00f6lgesinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. N\u00f6trofillerin bu ilk seli ve ard\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, \u015fi\u015fme ve p\u00fcst\u00fclensin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenlerinden biridir ve somatik h\u00fccre say\u0131m\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir (\u015eekil 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polimorfon\u00fckleer n\u00f6trofilik l\u00f6kosit ilk enflamasyon yan\u0131t\u0131<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
\u015eekil 1: PMNL, n\u00f6trofiller ve di\u011fer inflamatuar ajanlar\u0131n potansiyel patojenlere yan\u0131t vermesini ve hasarl\u0131 h\u00fccreleri y\u00f6netmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in iltihapl\u0131 k\u0131lcal damarlar\u0131n ve kan damarlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015flemesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kalmak i\u00e7in PMNL gibi beyaz kan h\u00fccrelerinin yeterli say\u0131da olmas\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemine i\u015faret eder. Y\u00fcksek say\u0131ya ek olarak, PMNL’nin hayatta kalma kabiliyeti de hayvan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir i\u015faretidir. Bir MCFA diyetine kar\u015f\u0131 PMNL aktivitesini \u00f6l\u00e7en bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, do\u011fumdan 6-8 hafta \u00f6nce ve laktasyon boyunca MCFA ile beslenen s\u00fct ineklerinin PMNL \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bunun da daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemine i\u015faret etti\u011fi bulunmu\u015ftur (Piepers ve Vliegher, 2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kararl\u0131 pH verimlilik sa\u011flar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bu g\u00f6zlemlerin ard\u0131ndan, rumen mikrobiyomunun MCFA’lara tepkisini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k faydalar\u0131n\u0131n buradan kaynaklan\u0131p kaynaklanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in ek ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmu\u015ftur. Burdick ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131n zamanda yay\u0131nlanan bir makalede, diyete MCFA eklendi\u011finde orta laktasyondaki s\u00fct ineklerinin rumen mikrobiyotas\u0131 \u00fczerine bir analiz yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada, kuru madde al\u0131m\u0131, besin sindirilebilirli\u011fi, rumen fermantasyonu veya besin kullan\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k bulunmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. MFCA ile besin al\u0131m\u0131 ve al\u0131m\u0131ndaki bu tutarl\u0131l\u0131k, g\u00f6zlenen kayda de\u011fer de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin pH ve mikrobiyom de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini de\u011ferlendirerek rumen sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda benzersiz bilgiler sunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk bulgu, daha y\u00fcksek bir minimal pH (5,66’ya kar\u015f\u0131 5,54; P = 0,08) ve \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck dalgalanmalar (1,17’ye kar\u015f\u0131 1,40; P = 0,02) olmu\u015ftur (\u015eekil 2). Y\u00fcksek verimli s\u00fct ineklerinde, daha az \u00e7e\u015fitli bir mikrobiyom daha y\u00fcksek yem verimlili\u011fine i\u015faret edebilir. De\u011fi\u015fen bir rumenin mikrobiyota \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in pH’\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fkenli\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek gerekir. Olduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fken bir pH, mikrop \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin daha y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik edecektir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc baz\u0131lar\u0131 rumenin g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 u\u00e7lar i\u00e7in daha uygundur. E\u011fer pH sabitse, yani bu a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 u\u00e7larda daha az zaman ge\u00e7iriliyorsa, o zaman a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ortamlarda geli\u015fen mikroplar daha az say\u0131da bulunacakt\u0131r. \u0130stikrarl\u0131 ortam, say\u0131sal olarak benzer toplam mikrop say\u0131s\u0131yla ancak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7e\u015fitlilikle sonu\u00e7lanacakt\u0131r. Bu \u00f6zelle\u015fmi\u015f mikroplar, daha y\u00fcksek yo\u011funlukta, de\u011fi\u015fen pH ile daha az zorlan\u0131rlar ve bu nedenle lif ve di\u011fer besin maddelerini yararl\u0131 metabolitlere ay\u0131rmada daha etkilidirler. Stabil bir pH, rumen epiteli yoluyla u\u00e7ucu ya\u011f asidi emilimini de destekler. Mikrobiyomdaki bu stabilizasyon, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada bakteri t\u00fcrlerinin \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011finin daha az \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6sterecek \u015fekilde dalgalanmas\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Muhtemelen g\u00fcnl\u00fck rumen pH dalgalanmalar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu olarak, rumendeki toplam bakteri say\u0131s\u0131 da artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De\u011fi\u015fen pH ve mikroflora bile\u015fiminin g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirilmesi<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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\u015eekil 2: Sabit bir pH, daha az \u00e7e\u015fitli bir rumen mikrobiyomunu te\u015fvik eder. U\u00e7ucu bir pH, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ortamlarda geli\u015fen mikroplar i\u00e7in bir ortam sa\u011flayarak besin maddelerinin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131nda verimlili\u011fi engeller.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

S\u00fct inekleri tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sevmeleriyle \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Tutarl\u0131 yemleme ve sa\u011f\u0131m teknikleri s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve performans\u0131n\u0131 korumas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Bu d\u00fczenlilik rumen i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. Burdick ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, MCFA’n\u0131n stabil bir rumen pH’\u0131n\u0131 destekleyerek daha az zengin ve daha verimli bir mikrobiyom sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130statistiksel olarak anlaml\u0131 olmasa da, diyetteki de\u011fi\u015fiklik, bile\u015fenleri veya v\u00fccut kondisyon skorunu etkilemeden s\u00fctte 0,5 litre art\u0131\u015fa neden olmu\u015ftur. Bu art\u0131\u015f\u0131n al\u0131m miktar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rmadan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini ve s\u00fct \u00fcretiminin tipik olarak azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 orta laktasyon d\u00f6neminde meydana geldi\u011fini belirtmek gerekir. Bu yeni kan\u0131t, Agrimprove’un Aromabiotic\u00ae Cattle gibi MCFA’n\u0131n, inek sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc desteklemek i\u00e7in rumen ortam\u0131 \u00fczerinde olumlu bir etki yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130neklerin \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc uzatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak, s\u00fct \u00fcretiminin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi \u00fczerinde olumlu bir etki elde edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cites:
Burdick, M., Zhou, M., Guan, L.L., and Oba, M. Effects of medium-chain fatty acid supplementation on performance and rumen fermentation of lactating
Holstein dairy cows. Animal. Vol. 16, no. 4, 2022, doi: 10.1016\/S1751731122000428.
Piepers, S. and De Vliegher, S., 2013. Oral supplementation of medium-chain fatty acids during the dry period supports the neutrophil viability of peripartum
dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research. Vol. 80, no. 3, 2013, pp. 309-18, doi:10.1017\/S0022029913000228.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Your Agrimprove Expert <\/h2>\n

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Frederik Gadeyne<\/div>\n
Product Developer Cattle<\/div>\n <\/div>\n
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\n \n \n \n \n <\/g>\n <\/svg>\n f.gadeyne@agrifirm.com<\/a>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n <\/polyline>\n <\/line>\n <\/g>\n <\/g>\n <\/g>\n <\/g>\n <\/g>\n <\/svg>\n <\/div>\n
\n \n \n \n <\/g>\n <\/svg>\n +32 4 73 77 35 42<\/a>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n <\/polyline>\n <\/line>\n <\/g>\n <\/g>\n <\/g>\n <\/g>\n <\/g>\n <\/svg>\n <\/div>\n \n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bir ine\u011fin ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131, ayd\u0131nlatma, havaland\u0131rma ve yemler gibi say\u0131s\u0131z d\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fken vard\u0131r. \u00dcreticiler bunlar\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in ellerinden geleni yaparlar \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc istikrar\u0131n daha az stresli ve daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 inekler anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini bilirler. \u0130ne\u011fin i\u00e7inde de dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken say\u0131s\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken vard\u0131r. Bu de\u011fi\u015fkenler mikrobiyomun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck pH dalgalanmalar\u0131na ve patojenlere nas\u0131l tepki verdi\u011fini etkiler. \u0130stikrarl\u0131 bir ortam, besin maddelerinin uygun \u015fekilde par\u00e7alanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve emilimini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. \u00dcreticilerin bu i\u00e7 fakt\u00f6rleri kontrol etmesi zordur. Bu nedenle, yak\u0131n zamanda yay\u0131nlanan bir makalenin orta zincirli ya\u011f asitlerinin g\u00fcn boyunca daha az de\u011fi\u015fken rumen pH’\u0131n\u0131 destekledi\u011fini g\u00f6steren bulgusu, \u00fcreticilere ve s\u00fcr\u00fclerine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":27929,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4114,4115],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-expert-content-tr","category-news-tr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nYeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma bulgular\u0131: MCFA'n\u0131n s\u00fct ineklerinde rumen stabilitesi \u00fczerindeki etkisi - Agrimprove<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.agrimprove.com\/tr\/new-research-findings-mcfas-affect-on-rumen-stability-in-dairy-cows\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma bulgular\u0131: MCFA'n\u0131n s\u00fct ineklerinde rumen stabilitesi \u00fczerindeki etkisi - Agrimprove\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bir ine\u011fin ya\u015fam\u0131nda \u0131s\u0131, ayd\u0131nlatma, havaland\u0131rma ve yemler gibi say\u0131s\u0131z d\u0131\u015f de\u011fi\u015fken vard\u0131r. \u00dcreticiler bunlar\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in ellerinden geleni yaparlar \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc istikrar\u0131n daha az stresli ve daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 inekler anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini bilirler. \u0130ne\u011fin i\u00e7inde de dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken say\u0131s\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fken vard\u0131r. Bu de\u011fi\u015fkenler mikrobiyomun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck pH dalgalanmalar\u0131na ve patojenlere nas\u0131l tepki verdi\u011fini etkiler. \u0130stikrarl\u0131 bir ortam, besin maddelerinin uygun \u015fekilde par\u00e7alanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve emilimini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. \u00dcreticilerin bu i\u00e7 fakt\u00f6rleri kontrol etmesi zordur. 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